First, the current status of China's steel industry
Since the reform and opening up in our country, the steel structure industry has gone along with the wind and light of the steel industry and construction industry for 20 years and has become the largest steel structure country with the largest amount of steel in the world for steel structure and the largest scale and the largest enterprise in the world. So, what is the status quo of China's steel structure industry? Can be summed up in a four-word idiom: big and useless. Big talk for the moment without exaggeration. After used to indicate that although large, but not applicable.
1, the number of steel structure enterprises
At present, the number of enterprises engaged in the manufacture, processing and installation of steel structures all over the country? There are fixed production sites and have a certain number of companies and how many? There is no authoritative statistics, gross assessment with guessed it, the data do not fly or water, which is one of the characteristics of China's statistical system.
April 18, 2014, China Building Metal Structure Association, chairman of the steel structure of the party branch in the "2014 China Construction Steel Structure Development Summit" made "on the steel structure industry, the healthy development of" the work report pointed out that the domestic one Level qualified enterprises have more than 800, two more than 6,000 qualified enterprises, three more than 3,000 qualified enterprises, a total of more than 10,000 enterprises;
What is the status of the industry? Let's look at a set of data. On October 26, 2014, the 30th Anniversary Conference of the China Steel Structure Association and the Fourth Session of the Sixth Council Meeting were held in Nanjing International Convention Hotel. Liu Yi, executive vice president, said in his work report: Since the assessment of the qualification level of China's steel structure manufacturing enterprises began in December 2005, nine batches of enterprises have been reviewed so far. Over the years of qualification examination (pass or cancel), qualification renewal (pass or write-off) and acceptance of enterprise qualification application upgrade, so far, a total of 357 qualified enterprises, including 95 super special, a 218, two 35 Home, three nine. Statistics from the two national associations data, only for your appreciation pondering it.
2, the national steel industry ranking companies
In the recent 10 years, the two national-level steel structure associations usually publish a list of the top 30 or top 50 steel industry in the world at annual conventions. This is the most important information in the trade published in the industry. The rankings of the two associations Great access. It is said that the two associations are based on annual steel consumption as the main basis for ranking, access will not be too large. However, the results are very different due to the different statistics. East China has two well-known steel company CEOs very intertwined told reporters that premium-quality enterprises like driving a license, and now has hundreds. There is that ranking, do not know the basis of its ranking is what? Both steel companies are over 500,000 tons of annual steel consumption, the China Steel Structure Association ranked the top, but in the national construction steel industry has never ranked in the top five.
According to the Fortune magazine's annual ranking of the world's top 500 enterprises released by the US, Fortune Magazine has created world influence for the companies it has selected and has formed a huge intangible asset with a reputation and reputation. The world's top 500 enterprises have two sorts, one based on turnover, and the other based on profits and taxes, ranking according to the evidence, open, fair, with public promotion of justice. In contrast, the rankings of domestic steel companies rely on the voluntary declaration of enterprises, resulting in false reports, false reports or simply not reported cases. The association did not carefully examine the data submitted by the enterprises. Announced the ranking of companies shy, only rankings, there is no amount of steel, annual sales, 甭 said the profits tax.
In fact, brand and corporate reputation is not "appraisal" out, but through the market competition down to "do" out. Excellent steel company is relying on practicing internal skills, quality products and win the favor of the owners and applause. National steel structure industry rankings do not fly, resulting in some steel companies are not interested in professional meetings, rank the real ones, evaluation of different awards. Steel companies do not agree with some of the practices of the association, undermining the authority and image of the association.
Two state-level steel structure association announced the number and grade of different enterprises, the industry felt dazed, more outside the industry felt unimaginable. According to the statistics of the association, in 2014, the output value of more than 5 billion yuan, 5 enterprises, over 300,000 tons of production capacity of 9, over 200,000 tons of 28 companies, over 100,000 tons production capacity of 21, production capacity More than 50,000 tons over 40. The bottleneck of the development of the industry is not too high concentration of the industry, there is no annual output value of tens of billions of enterprises, there is no annual steel consumption over one hundred tons of enterprises.
3, the strength of steel structure enterprises
According to incomplete statistics of "Steel Window", there are 10 domestic steel structure enterprises currently listed in the market; Zhejiang / Hangzhou Hsiao Steel Structure, Southeast Grid Structure, Seiko Steel Structure, Shanghai / Steel Structure Engineering (formerly Jiangnan Heavy Industries and CSSC) , Shandong / Dongfang Tower, Xinjiang / Guangzheng Steel Structure, Jiangsu / Dorset Group (listed in Singapore), Fujian / Shangri-La Group (Xinchangcheng Steel Structure), Anhui / Honglu Steel Structure and Fuhuang Steel Structure. At present, many steel companies are actively applying for the listing of the new three boards, for example, Xuzhou Coal Coal Structure Co., Ltd., Guangdong's Kai light group's "Kai light power Steel Structure Co., Ltd." (referred to as Kai light power).
Listing does not fully represent the business strength. At the beginning of the 21st century, many unskilled and unqualified steel structure enterprises entered the market, making engineering safety the biggest hidden danger of steel structure construction. A large number of low-level investors misjudged that there is a huge profit in the industry; and once they enter, these enterprises regard the price war as the main means of survival. All this prompted the entire industry to a deformity direction. Today, the "double big mountain" of quality and efficiency has made the steel structure enterprises in China struggling and in crisis. Due to the industry concentration is too low, homogeneous competition is fierce, leading to steel structure enterprises in the three difficulties: difficult orders, payment difficulties, earnings difficult.
The low barriers to entry in the steel structure industry continue to inflow capital, labor and new companies, resulting in a substantial surplus in the steel industry. Most industries in China have the largest factories and the largest workshops in the world. China's steel workshop 50,000 square meters, 100,000 square meters of workshops can be described as abound, 200,000 square meters, 300,000 square meters also have as many as many. However, in fact, the rapid development of the steel industry and the construction industry is only insignificant in terms of their driving force and there is an excess of production capacity. This is a big jumble of industries. Speaking of Chinese-made, it is actually two terms, one is called cost, one is called scale, and Chinese made is a great victory of cost + scale. Nowadays, the cost and scale have emerged crisis.
4, and Germany and other developed countries the gap
German steel structure in addition to advanced automatic CNC machining of steel structure, compared with China, there are several differences, first of all is not large, the workshop length of 200 to 300 meters, the general production capacity of about 1,000 to 2,000 tons per month, but has a long history , A beautiful environment, it is very compact and sophisticated. The second is material stacking and logistics organization. Due to the relatively small workshop, the stacking of raw materials is built into a three-dimensional stacking space through the assembly type shelf, which greatly improves the utilization rate of the workshop space. In the logistics organization, the workshop mainly adopts roller conveyors and forklifts to achieve horizontal transportation. Once again, the factory manager's offices are laid out inside the workshop to be neat and tidy, facilitating management and communication.
German steel products different from China has several characteristics.
First, the German steel industry attaches great importance to the organic combination of structural design, detailed design and production management, and the automation of the shop floor processing equipment. Through the research and development of management software, it continuously improves the green manufacturing of steel structures and provides customers with value-added services.
Second, the basic steel structure they process is mainly hot-rolled H-section steel, angle steel, channel steel, square steel and other profiles, welding BH is very small, welded cross-shaped structure and box structure less, hot-rolled section section economy, A large number of pre-cut, set up, welding, so there is no need for board straight bar cutting equipment in the workshop, BH group welding production line rarely, to achieve a green manufacturing.
Third, the connections of the German steel structure products on-site nodes are made of high-strength bolts, which do not move the fire welds at the construction site, which belongs to the assembly-sending steel structure. Not only a significant reduction of on-site workload, but also packing and transportation is also very convenient. Of course, in order to ensure the perforation rate, the machining accuracy of the bolt hole is high.
Fourth, the German steel structure enterprises attach great importance to the shot blasting and painting processes. Generally, two shot blasting operations are performed: the shot blasting is performed on the profile or the slab before cutting; the shot blasting is once again performed after the assembly and welding are completed to ensure the shot quality. Painting workshop mostly independent closed workshop, the roof is provided with heating pipes, fog recovery on both sides. In order to ensure that the temperature and humidity of the steel structure shop meet the design requirements, the shot blasting, painting, baking and cooling processes can fully realize the automatic operation of the production line. The paint quality of the steel structure products is very good. However, this equipment investment needs about 6000 Million yuan.
China's steel plant in the shot blasting, painting and German enterprises gap is too large, we must improve as soon as possible. The proportion of steel profiles used in our country is generally low, and the site joints are connected by means of bolting joints. This design increases the workload of factory-made bulk welding and reduces the processing difficulty of high-strength bolt holes in the factory, but increases the on-site welding The number of total costs from the point of view or unreasonable. With the increase of manpower cost and the continuous improvement of processing equipment in our country, the main structure of the main structure will be mainly profiles, and the proportion of steel structure with high strength bolts will surely increase.